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The United States is the biggest recipient of China's lending activities globally, according to a survey which tracked Beijing's recognition activities and recovered it is progressively lending to higher-income countries implicit processing countries.
The report, published connected Tuesday by AidData, a probe laboratory astatine U.S. assemblage William & Mary, said China's lending and assistance giving totalled $2.2 trillion crossed 200 countries successful each portion of the satellite from 2000 to 2023. China has agelong been seen arsenic a creditor to processing countries done its Belt and Road initiative, but is shifting toward lending to precocious economies — backing strategical infrastructure and high-tech proviso chains successful areas specified arsenic semiconductors, artificial quality and cleanable energy.
Beijing's portfolio size is two-to-four times larger than erstwhile estimates suggest, AidData said, adding that China remains the world's largest authoritative creditor.
More than three-quarters of China's overseas lending operations present enactment projects and activities successful upper-middle-income countries and high-income countries.
"Much of the lending to affluent countries is focused connected captious infrastructure, captious minerals and the acquisition of high-tech assets similar semiconductor companies," said pb writer Brad Parks, AidData's enforcement director.
The United States received the astir authoritative assemblage recognition from China, much than $200 cardinal for astir 2,500 projects and activities, the study said.
Chinese state-owned entities are "active successful each country and assemblage of the U.S.", bankrolling the operation of LNG projects successful Texas and Louisiana, information centres successful Northern Virginia, terminals astatine New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport and Los Angeles International Airport, the Matterhorn Express Natural Gas pipeline and the Dakota Access Oil pipeline, AidData said.
Beijing has financed the acquisition of high-tech companies, portion Chinese state-owned creditors person provided credit facilities for galore Fortune 500 companies including Amazon, AT&T, Verizon, Tesla, General Motors, Ford, Boeing and Disney, the study said.
The stock of lending to debased and lower-middle income countries fell to 12% successful 2023 from 88% successful 2000. Beijing has besides chopped lending for infrastructure projects successful the "Global South", nether its Belt and Road Initiative.
At the aforesaid clip it has ramped up its stock that supports middle-income and high-income countries to 76% successful 2023 from 24% successful 2000. The United Kingdom for lawsuit received $60 billion, portion the European Union got $161 billion.
