Khaleda Zia: a constant in India’s changing neighbourhood

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Supporters clasp  portraits of erstwhile  Bangladeshi Prime Minister Khaleda Zia extracurricular  the infirmary  wherever  she died, successful  Dhaka, Bangladesh, connected  December 30, 2025

Supporters clasp portraits of erstwhile Bangladeshi Prime Minister Khaleda Zia extracurricular the infirmary wherever she died, successful Dhaka, Bangladesh, connected December 30, 2025 | Photo Credit: AP

Apart from deposed Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, Khaleda Zia was the lone Prime Minister from Bangladesh whose governmental and institutional interactions with the Indian enactment stretched backmost to the 1970s and continued till the 21st century. Begum Zia, arsenic she was known to the radical of Bangladesh, started her nationalist beingness arsenic the spouse of past President of Bangladesh General Ziaur Rahman, and she was a witnesser to the diplomacy betwixt India and Bangladesh during a hard play successful the 1970s.

Khaleda archetypal recovered notation successful Indian diplomatic records erstwhile Prime Minister Morarji Desai acknowledged her beingness during a banquet successful Dhaka during his sojourn to Bangladesh connected April 16, 1979. It was a sojourn that took spot during a unsmooth spot successful bilateral relations. Just 3 and fractional years ago, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was assassinated successful Dhaka on with astir of his household members and Indira Gandhi, a well-wisher of Mujib, was retired of powerfulness aft being overthrown successful the 1977 election. Earlier, President Nilam Sanjiva Reddy had held a banquet for President Zia connected December 19, 1977, erstwhile helium visited Delhi (without Khaleda) and was welcomed astatine the New Delhi airdrome by Prime Minister Desai.

Former Bangladesh PM Khaleda Zia’s decease updates

The Rahmans were met by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi erstwhile they became the archetypal overseas guests that Mrs. Gandhi met aft being sworn into bureau for her past word successful bureau successful January 1980. The high-level visits betwixt the 2 sides came astatine a delicate play during 1977-1980 as Sheikh Hasina, 1 of the 2 surviving children of the slain Mujib, was based successful India during this time. As relations improved betwixt the 2 sides aft President Rahman’s gathering with Mrs. Gandhi, Ms. Hasina returned to Bangladesh connected May 17, 1981.

On May 30, 1981, President Rahman was assassinated successful a failed subject coup portion helium was connected a sojourn to Chittagong. Hearing of the convulsive death, Mrs. Gandhi said, “The shocking assassination of President Ziaur Rahman shows the instability which galore processing countries are facing. We successful India are vigilant and shall instrumentality each indispensable steps to safeguard our interests.”

First pistillate PM

In the archetypal six months of 1991, the subcontinent witnessed respective shockers. On April 29, Bangladesh was deed by 1 of the astir destructive cyclones successful past of the portion and past connected May 21, arsenic India was getting acceptable for the election, erstwhile Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated. But anterior to these developments, connected March 20, Khaleda took complaint arsenic the archetypal pistillate Prime Minister of Bangladesh. 

Earlier, connected March 7, 1991, the Ministry of External Affairs had said, “Any authorities successful Bangladesh arsenic overmuch arsenic immoderate authorities successful India, realises the value of bully relations betwixt the 2 neighbours. We had welcomed the instrumentality of democracy, erstwhile the results of the elections were announced a fewer days ago, and expressed our anticipation and volition to enactment with Bangladesh, to fortify our bilateral relations, based connected our communal nationalist interests.”

India, similar Bangladesh, was witnessing modulation and the outreach truthful was aimed astatine ensuring a moving narration with Prime Minister Khaleda. In the past week of May 1992, Khaleda was hosted by Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao. She made it wide that SAARC, which was a imagination task of her precocious husband, was adjacent to her heart.

Next year, during April 10-11, 1993, Rao visited Dhaka erstwhile Khaleda hosted the seventh SAARC summit and welcomed isolated from the Indian Prime Minister, King of Bhutan Jigme Singye Wangchuck, President of Maldives Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, Nepal Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif of Pakistan and the Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa. What made this outreach important was that India and Bangladesh tried to enactment relations backmost connected way aft the determination hostility spiked due to the fact that of the demolition of Babri Masjid by Hindu karsevaks successful Ayodhya. Despite the tension, Rao-Zia ties were maintained during this clip and adjacent twelvemonth erstwhile a cyclone deed Bangladesh, India reached retired with alleviation similar it did soon aft Khaleda had taken complaint successful March 1991.

In her 2nd full-fledged word during 2001-2006, the Gujarat riots of 2002 formed a shadiness connected bilateral ties and that apart, India’s concerns connected coercion and insurgency did not pull capable attraction from Bangladesh. Yet, earlier onset of governmental uncertainty successful the wintertime of 2006, Khaleda visited India and held talks with Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and signed a revised commercialized pact. Prior to that, she had hosted the 13th SAARC acme successful November 2005. Her past sojourn to India took spot during October 28-November 3, 2012, erstwhile she was the person of absorption successful the Jatiya Sansad. She met Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and External Affairs Minister S.M. Krishna earlier visiting Ajmer Sharif. She started that travel by gathering her counterpart, past Leader of the Opposition successful the Lok Sabha, Sushma Swaraj. Her past noted enactment with the Indian enactment was successful June 2015 erstwhile she came to Hotel Sonargaon successful Dhaka wherever Prime Minister Narendra Modi met respective Bangladeshi governmental leaders aft the India-Bangladesh Land Boundary Agreement was sealed.

Published - December 30, 2025 10:36 p.m. IST

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