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India recorded utmost upwind events connected 270 of the 273 days between January and September 2025, according to an appraisal by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) and Down To Earth. The investigation draws connected information from the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the Disaster Management Division of the Union Home Ministry, and media reports.
Extreme upwind events, arsenic defined by IMD, see lightning and thunderstorms, dense to highly dense rainfall, floods, landslips, heatwaves, cold waves, snowfall and cloudbursts. All 36 States and Union Territories reported specified events during the period.
The report, published connected November 19, 2025, states that these events resulted successful 4,064 deaths, harm to 99,533 houses, and the nonaccomplishment of 58,982 animals. Crop losses were extensive, with 9.47 cardinal hectares affected. Maharashtra reported the largest cultivation interaction astatine 8.4 cardinal hectares, portion Madhya Pradesh recorded the highest fig of fatalities astatine 532, followed by Andhra Pradesh with 484 and Jharkhand with 478.
Regionally, the northwest experienced the highest frequence of utmost weather, with 257 lawsuit days and 1,342 deaths. The eastbound and northeast recorded 229 lawsuit days and 878 deaths, the cardinal portion had 200 days and 1,093 deaths, and the southbound peninsula reported 205 days and 745 deaths. Himachal Pradesh saw utmost upwind on 217 days, the astir for immoderate State.
Back-to-back upwind systems to bring dense rainfall to Tamil Nadu this week
Lightning and storms accounted for 1,456 deaths, portion dense rain, floods and landslips caused 2,440 deaths. Heatwaves were reported on 52 days across 19 States and Union Territories, and cloudbursts occurred on 19 days, resulting successful 135 deaths. Snowfall was recorded on two days, causing 12 deaths.
Seasonal investigation shows that wintertime months of January and February saw utmost upwind connected 57 of 59 days, with 64 deaths and 0.02 cardinal hectares of harvest loss. The pre-monsoon play from March to May recorded utmost upwind connected 91 of 92 days, claiming 993 lives and affecting 0.006 cardinal hectares of crops. The monsoon play from June to September witnessed extreme upwind connected all 122 days, resulting successful 3,007 deaths and harvest harm crossed 9.44 cardinal hectares.
The study notes that January was India’s 5th driest since 1901, portion February was the warmest successful 124 years. March recorded a mean maximum somesthesia of 1.02°C supra normal, and September registered its seventh-highest mean somesthesia connected record. Rainfall anomalies were significant, with January signaling a 71% shortage and February 30% beneath the long-period average, portion May saw a surplus of 106%. July and August brought wide dense rainfall, including highly dense downpours successful respective States.
The fig of utmost upwind days has risen from 241 successful 2022 to 270 successful 2025. Fatalities person accrued by 48% implicit the aforesaid period, from 2,755 successful 2022 to 4,064 this year. Crop losses person grown much than fourfold since 2022, from 1.84 cardinal hectares to 9.47 cardinal hectares.
State-level information shows Uttar Pradesh reported 321 deaths and harvest harm crossed 2,10,528 hectares, portion Punjab mislaid 2,62,831 hectares of crops. Himachal Pradesh recorded 380 deaths and harm to 1,67,000 hectares. Gujarat saw 110 utmost weather days but the data for cropped country affected was not available.
The study highlights gaps successful authoritative data, noting that nonaccomplishment and harm figures are compiled seasonally alternatively than regular and whitethorn underestimate the existent impact. It calls for broad nationalist databases to way the afloat grade of economical and quality losses.
The study warns, “What the state has witnessed so acold successful 2025 is the caller mean successful a warming world. Without decisive mitigation efforts, the disasters of contiguous volition go the caller mean of tomorrow.”
